Setting

Global IoT Security Market 2020-2030 by Component (Software & Solutions, Services), Security Type (Cloud, Network, Endpoint, Application), Deployment (Cloud-based, On-premises), End User, Organization Size, and Region: Trend Forecast and Growth Opportunity

Published: 28 Apr 2021 | Report Code: 10247967 | Pages: 179

Global IoT security market will reach $115.6 billion by 2030, growing by 24.8% annually over 2020-2030, owing to an increasing number of malware attacks on IoT devices, the growing demand for cloud-based services for authentication process, growing IoT security regulations, rising security concerns over critical infrastructures, and rapid development of 5G network across the globe. Highlighted with 83 tables and 94 figures, this 179-page report “Global IoT Security Market 2020-2030 by Component (Software & Solutions, Services), Security Type (Cloud, Network, Endpoint, Application), Deployment (Cloud-based, On-premises), End User, Organization Size, and Region: Trend Forecast and Growth Opportunity” is based on a comprehensive research of the entire global IoT security market and all its sub-segments through extensively detailed classifications. Profound analysis and assessment are generated from premium primary and secondary information sources with inputs derived from industry professionals across the value chain. The report is based on studies on 2017-2019 and provides estimate for 2020 and forecast from 2021 till 2030 with 2019 as the base year. (Please note: The report will be updated before delivery so that the latest historical year is the base year and the forecast covers at least 5 years over the base year.) In-depth qualitative analyses include identification and investigation of the following aspects: • Market Structure • Growth Drivers • Restraints and Challenges • Emerging Product Trends & Market Opportunities • Porter’s Fiver Forces The trend and outlook of global market is forecast in optimistic, balanced, and conservative view by taking into account of COVID-19. The balanced (most likely) projection is used to quantify global IoT security market in every aspect of the classification from perspectives of Component, Security Type, Deployment, End User, Organization Size, and Region. Based on Component, the global market is segmented into the following sub-markets with annual revenue ($ mn) for 2019-2030 included in each section. • Software & Solutions o Identity Access & Management o Data Encryption & Tokenization o Device Authentication and Management o Intrusion Prevention/Intrusion Detection Systems o Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Protection o Other IoT Security Solutions • Services o Consulting Service o Maintenance Service o Managed Service o Other Services Based on Security Type, the global market is segmented into the following sub-markets with annual revenue ($ mn) for 2019-2030 included in each section. • Cloud Security • Network Security • Endpoint Security • Application Security • Other Security Types Based on Deployment, the global market is segmented into the following sub-markets with annual revenue ($ mn) for 2019-2030 included in each section. • Cloud-based IoT Security • On-premises IoT Security Based on End User, the global market is segmented into the following sub-markets with annual revenue ($ mn) for 2019-2030 included in each section. • Manufacturing Industry • Automotive Industry • Energy and Utilities • Government & Defense • Retail and eCommerce • Healthcare Industry • Smart Home & Consumer Electronics • Transportation & Logistics • IT & Telecom • Other End Users Based on Organization Size, the global market is segmented into the following sub-markets with annual revenue ($ mn) for 2019-2030 included in each section. • Small & Medium Enterprises (SMEs) • Large Enterprises Geographically, the following regions together with the listed national/local markets are fully investigated: • APAC (Japan, China, South Korea, Australia, India, and Rest of APAC; Rest of APAC is further segmented into Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, New Zealand, Vietnam, Taiwan, and Philippines) • Europe (Germany, UK, France, Spain, Italy, Russia, Rest of Europe; Rest of Europe is further segmented into Netherlands, Switzerland, Poland, Sweden, Belgium, Austria, Ireland, Norway, Denmark, and Finland) • North America (U.S., Canada, and Mexico) • South America (Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Rest of South America) • MEA (UAE, Saudi Arabia, South Africa) For each aforementioned region and country, detailed analysis and data for annual revenue ($ mn) are available for 2019-2030. The breakdown of all regional markets by country and split of key national markets by Component, Security Type, and End User over the forecast years are also included. The report also covers current competitive scenario and the predicted trend; and profiles key vendors including market leaders and important emerging players. Key Players (this may not be a complete list and extra companies can be added upon request): Allot Ltd. Armis Broadcom Corporation (Symantec Corporation) CENTRI Technology Inc. Cisco Systems, Inc. Forgerock Fortinet Inc. Gemalto NV IBM Corporation Infineon Technologies AG Intel Corporation Mocana Corporation Newsky Palo Alto Networks, Inc. Securithings (Please note: The report will be updated before delivery so that the latest historical year is the base year and the forecast covers at least 5 years over the base year.)

Table Of Contents

1 Introduction 9 1.1 Industry Definition and Research Scope 9 1.1.1 Industry Definition 9 1.1.2 Research Scope 10 1.2 Research Methodology 13 1.2.1 Overview of Market Research Methodology 13 1.2.2 Market Assumption 14 1.2.3 Secondary Data 14 1.2.4 Primary Data 14 1.2.5 Data Filtration and Model Design 16 1.2.6 Market Size/Share Estimation 17 1.2.7 Research Limitations 18 1.3 Executive Summary 19 2 Market Overview and Dynamics 22 2.1 Market Size and Forecast 22 2.1.1 Impact of COVID-19 on World Economy 23 2.1.2 Impact of COVID-19 on the Market 25 2.2 Major Growth Drivers 27 2.3 Market Restraints and Challenges 31 2.4 Emerging Opportunities and Market Trends 34 2.5 Porter’s Fiver Forces Analysis 38 3 Segmentation of Global Market by Component 42 3.1 Market Overview by Component 42 3.2 Software & Solutions 44 3.2.1 Identity Access & Management 46 3.2.2 Data Encryption & Tokenization 47 3.2.3 Device Authentication and Management 48 3.2.4 Intrusion Prevention/Intrusion Detection Systems 49 3.2.5 Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Protection 50 3.2.6 Other IoT Security Solutions 51 3.3 Services 52 3.3.1 Consulting Service 53 3.3.2 Maintenance Service 54 3.3.3 Managed Service 55 3.3.4 Other Services 56 4 Segmentation of Global Market by Security Type 57 4.1 Market Overview by Security Type 57 4.2 Cloud Security 59 4.3 Network Security 60 4.4 Endpoint Security 61 4.5 Application Security 62 4.6 Other Security Types 63 5 Segmentation of Global Market by Deployment 64 5.1 Market Overview by Deployment 64 5.2 Cloud-based IoT Security 66 5.3 On-premises IoT Security 67 6 Segmentation of Global Market by End User 69 6.1 Market Overview by End User 69 6.2 Manufacturing Industry 71 6.3 Automotive Industry 72 6.4 Energy and Utilities 73 6.5 Government & Defense 74 6.6 Retail and eCommerce 75 6.7 Healthcare Industry 76 6.8 Smart Home & Consumer Electronics 77 6.9 Transportation & Logistics 78 6.10 IT & Telecom 79 6.11 Other End Users 80 7 Segmentation of Global Market by Organization Size 81 7.1 Market Overview by Organization Size 81 7.2 Small & Medium Enterprises (SMEs) 83 7.3 Large Enterprises 84 8 Segmentation of Global Market by Region 85 8.1 Geographic Market Overview 2019-2030 85 8.2 North America Market 2019-2030 by Country 89 8.2.1 Overview of North America Market 89 8.2.2 U.S. 93 8.2.3 Canada 97 8.2.4 Mexico 99 8.3 European Market 2019-2030 by Country 101 8.3.1 Overview of European Market 101 8.3.2 Germany 105 8.3.3 U.K. 107 8.3.4 France 109 8.3.5 Spain 112 8.3.6 Italy 114 8.3.7 Russia 116 8.3.8 Rest of European Market 119 8.4 Asia-Pacific Market 2019-2030 by Country 121 8.4.1 Overview of Asia-Pacific Market 121 8.4.2 Japan 125 8.4.3 China 129 8.4.4 Australia 131 8.4.5 India 133 8.4.6 South Korea 135 8.4.7 Rest of APAC Region 137 8.5 South America Market 2019-2030 by Country 139 8.5.1 Argentina 142 8.5.2 Brazil 144 8.5.3 Chile 146 8.5.4 Rest of South America Market 148 8.6 MEA Market 2019-2030 by Country 149 8.6.1 UAE 152 8.6.2 Saudi Arabia 154 8.6.3 South Africa 156 8.6.4 Other National Markets 158 9 Competitive Landscape 159 9.1 Overview of Key Vendors 159 9.2 New Product Launch, Partnership, Investment, and M&A 162 9.3 Company Profiles 163 Allot Ltd. 163 Armis 165 Broadcom Corporation (Symantec Corporation) 166 CENTRI Technology Inc. 167 Cisco Systems, Inc. 168 Forgerock 169 Fortinet Inc. 170 Gemalto NV 171 IBM Corporation 172 Infineon Technologies AG 173 Intel Corporation 174 Mocana Corporation 175 Newsky 176 Palo Alto Networks, Inc. 177 Securithings 178 Related Reports and Products 179
List Of Tables

Table 1. Snapshot of Global IoT Security Market in Balanced Perspective, 2019-2030 20 Table 2. Growth Rate of World GDP, 2020-2022 24 Table 3. Main Product Trends and Market Opportunities in Global IoT Security Market 34 Table 4. Global IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 42 Table 5. Global IoT Security Market: Software & Solutions by Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 45 Table 6. Global IoT Security Market: Services by Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 52 Table 7. Global IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 57 Table 8. Global IoT Security Market by Deployment, 2019-2030, $ mn 64 Table 9. Global IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 69 Table 10. Global IoT Security Market by Organization Size, 2019-2030, $ mn 81 Table 11. Global IoT Security Market by Region, 2019-2030, $ mn 86 Table 12. Leading National IoT Security Market, 2019 and 2030F, $ mn 88 Table 13. North America IoT Security Market by Country, 2019-2030, $ mn 91 Table 14. U.S. IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 95 Table 15. U.S. IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 95 Table 16. U.S. IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 95 Table 17. Canada IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 98 Table 18. Canada IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 98 Table 19. Canada IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 98 Table 20. Mexico IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 100 Table 21. Mexico IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 100 Table 22. Mexico IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 100 Table 23. Europe IoT Security Market by Country, 2019-2030, $ mn 104 Table 24. Germany IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 106 Table 25. Germany IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 106 Table 26. Germany IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 106 Table 27. U.K. IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 108 Table 28. U.K. IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 108 Table 29. U.K. IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 108 Table 30. France IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 110 Table 31. France IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 110 Table 32. France IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 110 Table 33. Spain IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 113 Table 34. Spain IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 113 Table 35. Spain IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 113 Table 36. Italy IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 115 Table 37. Italy IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 115 Table 38. Italy IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 115 Table 39. Russia IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 117 Table 40. Russia IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 117 Table 41. Russia IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 117 Table 42. IoT Security Market in Rest of Europe by Country, 2019-2030, $ mn 120 Table 43. APAC IoT Security Market by Country, 2019-2030, $ mn 123 Table 44. Japan IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 127 Table 45. Japan IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 127 Table 46. Japan IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 127 Table 47. China IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 130 Table 48. China IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 130 Table 49. China IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 130 Table 50. Australia IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 132 Table 51. Australia IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 132 Table 52. Australia IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 132 Table 53. India IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 134 Table 54. India IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 134 Table 55. India IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 134 Table 56. South Korea IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 136 Table 57. South Korea IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 136 Table 58. South Korea IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 136 Table 59. IoT Security Market in Rest of APAC by Country/Region, 2019-2030, $ mn 138 Table 60. South America IoT Security Market by Country, 2019-2030, $ mn 141 Table 61. Argentina IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 143 Table 62. Argentina IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 143 Table 63. Argentina IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 143 Table 64. Brazil IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 145 Table 65. Brazil IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 145 Table 66. Brazil IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 145 Table 67. Chile IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 147 Table 68. Chile IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 147 Table 69. Chile IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 147 Table 70. MEA IoT Security Market by Country, 2019-2030, $ mn 151 Table 71. UAE IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 153 Table 72. UAE IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 153 Table 73. UAE IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 153 Table 74. Saudi Arabia IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 155 Table 75. Saudi Arabia IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 155 Table 76. Saudi Arabia IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 155 Table 77. South Africa IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, $ mn 157 Table 78. South Africa IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, $ mn 157 Table 79. South Africa IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, $ mn 157 Table 80. Allot Ltd.: Company Snapshot 163 Table 81. Allot Ltd.: Business Segmentation 163 Table 82. Allot Ltd.: Product Portfolio 164 Table 83. Allot Ltd.: Revenue, 2017-2019, $ mn 164
List Of Figures

Figure 1. Research Method Flow Chart 13 Figure 2. Breakdown of Primary Research 15 Figure 3. Bottom-up Approach and Top-down Approach for Market Estimation 17 Figure 4. Global Market Forecast in Optimistic, Conservative and Balanced Perspectives, 2019-2030 19 Figure 5. Global IoT Security Market, 2019-2030, $ mn 22 Figure 6. Impact of COVID-19 on Business 25 Figure 7. Primary Drivers and Impact Factors of Global IoT Security Market 27 Figure 8. World Industrial IoT Market, 2019-2030, $ mn 30 Figure 9. Primary Restraints and Impact Factors of Global IoT Security Market 31 Figure 10. Investment Opportunity Analysis 35 Figure 11. Porter’s Fiver Forces Analysis of Global IoT Security Market 38 Figure 12. Breakdown of Global IoT Security Market by Component, 2019-2030, % of Revenue 43 Figure 13. Global Addressable Market Cap in 2021-2030 by Component, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 43 Figure 14. Global IoT Security Market: Software & Solutions, 2019-2030, $ mn 44 Figure 15. Global IoT Security Market: Identity Access & Management, 2019-2030, $ mn 46 Figure 16. Global IoT Security Market: Data Encryption & Tokenization, 2019-2030, $ mn 47 Figure 17. Global IoT Security Market: Device Authentication and Management, 2019-2030, $ mn 48 Figure 18. Global IoT Security Market: Intrusion Prevention/Intrusion Detection Systems, 2019-2030, $ mn 49 Figure 19. Global IoT Security Market: Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Protection, 2019-2030, $ mn 50 Figure 20. Global IoT Security Market: Other IoT Security Solutions, 2019-2030, $ mn 51 Figure 21. Global IoT Security Market: Services, 2019-2030, $ mn 52 Figure 22. Global IoT Security Market: Consulting Service, 2019-2030, $ mn 53 Figure 23. Global IoT Security Market: Maintenance Service, 2019-2030, $ mn 54 Figure 24. Global IoT Security Market: Managed Service, 2019-2030, $ mn 55 Figure 25. Global IoT Security Market: Other Services, 2019-2030, $ mn 56 Figure 26. Breakdown of Global IoT Security Market by Security Type, 2019-2030, % of Sales Revenue 58 Figure 27. Global Addressable Market Cap in 2021-2030 by Security Type, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 58 Figure 28. Global IoT Security Market: Cloud Security, 2019-2030, $ mn 59 Figure 29. Global IoT Security Market: Network Security, 2019-2030, $ mn 60 Figure 30. Global IoT Security Market: Endpoint Security, 2019-2030, $ mn 61 Figure 31. Global IoT Security Market: Application Security, 2019-2030, $ mn 62 Figure 32. Global IoT Security Market: Other Security Types, 2019-2030, $ mn 63 Figure 33. Breakdown of Global IoT Security Market by Deployment, 2019-2030, % of Sales Revenue 65 Figure 34. Global Addressable Market Cap in 2021-2030 by Deployment, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 65 Figure 35. Global IoT Security Market: Cloud-based IoT Security, 2019-2030, $ mn 66 Figure 36. Global IoT Security Market: On-premises IoT Security, 2019-2030, $ mn 67 Figure 37. Breakdown of Global IoT Security Market by End User, 2019-2030, % of Revenue 70 Figure 38. Global Addressable Market Cap in 2021-2030 by End User, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 70 Figure 39. Global IoT Security Market: Manufacturing Industry, 2019-2030, $ mn 71 Figure 40. Global IoT Security Market: Automotive Industry, 2019-2030, $ mn 72 Figure 41. Global IoT Security Market: Energy and Utilities, 2019-2030, $ mn 73 Figure 42. Global IoT Security Market: Government & Defense, 2019-2030, $ mn 74 Figure 43. Global IoT Security Market: Retail and eCommerce, 2019-2030, $ mn 75 Figure 44. Global IoT Security Market: Healthcare Industry, 2019-2030, $ mn 76 Figure 45. Global IoT Security Market: Smart Home & Consumer Electronics, 2019-2030, $ mn 77 Figure 46. Global IoT Security Market: Transportation & Logistics, 2019-2030, $ mn 78 Figure 47. Global IoT Security Market: IT & Telecom, 2019-2030, $ mn 79 Figure 48. Global IoT Security Market: Other End Users, 2019-2030, $ mn 80 Figure 49. Breakdown of Global IoT Security Market by Organization Size, 2019-2030, % of Revenue 82 Figure 50. Global Addressable Market Cap in 2021-2030 by Organization Size, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 82 Figure 51. Global IoT Security Market: Small & Medium Enterprises (SMEs), 2019-2030, $ mn 83 Figure 52. Global IoT Security Market: Large Enterprises, 2019-2030, $ mn 84 Figure 53. Global Market Snapshot by Region 85 Figure 54. Geographic Spread of Worldwide IoT Security Market, 2019-2030, % of Sales Revenue 86 Figure 55. Global Addressable Market Cap in 2021-2030 by Region, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 87 Figure 56. North American IoT Security Market, 2019-2030, $ mn 90 Figure 57. Breakdown of North America IoT Security Market by Country, 2019 and 2030F, % of Revenue 91 Figure 58. Contribution to North America 2021-2030 Cumulative Revenue by Country, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 92 Figure 59. U.S. IoT Security Market, 2019-2030, $ mn 94 Figure 60. Canada IoT Security Market, 2019-2030, $ mn 97 Figure 61. IoT Security Market in Mexico, 2015-2030F, $ mn 99 Figure 62. European IoT Security Market, 2019-2030, $ mn 102 Figure 63. Breakdown of European IoT Security Market by Country, 2019 and 2030F, % of Revenue 103 Figure 64. Contribution to Europe 2021-2030 Cumulative Revenue by Country, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 104 Figure 65. IoT Security Market in Germany, 2019-2030, $ mn 105 Figure 66. IoT Security Market in U.K., 2019-2030, $ mn 107 Figure 67. IoT Security Market in France, 2019-2030, $ mn 109 Figure 68. IoT Security Market in Spain, 2019-2030, $ mn 112 Figure 69. IoT Security Market in Italy, 2019-2030, $ mn 114 Figure 70. IoT Security Market in Russia, 2019-2030, $ mn 116 Figure 71. IoT Security Market in Rest of Europe, 2019-2030, $ mn 119 Figure 72. Asia-Pacific IoT Security Market, 2019-2030, $ mn 122 Figure 73. Breakdown of APAC IoT Security Market by Country, 2019 and 2030F, % of Revenue 122 Figure 74. Contribution to APAC 2021-2030 Cumulative Revenue by Country, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 124 Figure 75. IoT Security Market in Japan, 2019-2030, $ mn 126 Figure 76. IoT Security Market in China, 2019-2030, $ mn 129 Figure 77. IoT Security Market in Australia, 2019-2030, $ mn 131 Figure 78. IoT Security Market in India, 2019-2030, $ mn 133 Figure 79. IoT Security Market in South Korea, 2019-2030, $ mn 135 Figure 80. IoT Security Market in Rest of APAC, 2019-2030, $ mn 137 Figure 81. South America IoT Security Market, 2019-2030, $ mn 140 Figure 82. Breakdown of South America IoT Security Market by Country, 2019 and 2030F, % of Revenue 140 Figure 83. Contribution to South America 2021-2030 Cumulative Revenue by Country, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 141 Figure 84. IoT Security Market in Argentina, 2019-2030, $ mn 142 Figure 85. IoT Security Market in Brazil, 2019-2030, $ mn 144 Figure 86. IoT Security Market in Chile, 2019-2030, $ mn 146 Figure 87. IoT Security Market in Rest of South America, 2019-2030, $ mn 148 Figure 88. IoT Security Market in Middle East and Africa (MEA), 2019-2030, $ mn 150 Figure 89. Breakdown of MEA IoT Security Market by Country, 2019 and 2030F, % of Revenue 150 Figure 90. Contribution to MEA 2021-2030 Cumulative Revenue by Country, Value ($ mn) and Share (%) 151 Figure 91. IoT Security Market in UAE, 2019-2030, $ mn 152 Figure 92. IoT Security Market in Saudi Arabia, 2019-2030, $ mn 154 Figure 93. IoT Security Market in South Africa, 2019-2030, $ mn 156 Figure 94. Growth Stage of Global IoT Security Industry over the Forecast Period 159
Key Players (this may not be a complete list and extra companies can be added upon request): 
Allot Ltd.
Armis
Broadcom Corporation (Symantec Corporation)
CENTRI Technology Inc.
Cisco Systems, Inc.
Forgerock
Fortinet Inc.
Gemalto NV
IBM Corporation
Infineon Technologies AG
Intel Corporation
Mocana Corporation
Newsky
Palo Alto Networks, Inc.
Securithings 
(Please note: The report will be updated before delivery so that the latest historical year is the base year and the forecast covers at least 5 years over the base year.)